What are cookies in a web context?

Cookies are small pieces of data stored on a user's computer by the web browser. They are created by websites when a user visits them, and their main purpose is to remember information about the user's visit. This can include preferences, login details, and other personalized settings that enhance the browsing experience. For example, cookies allow a website to remember a user’s login information, so they do not have to log in each time they visit. They can also store analytics information that helps website owners understand user behavior.

The other options do not accurately describe what cookies are. Temporary files are related to browser speed but do not have the specific functionality or purpose of cookies. An online shopping cart is a feature that allows users to manage their selected items for purchase, but it is not synonymous with cookies. Links to external websites do not capture the essence of cookies, which are primarily focused on data storage for individual user sessions.