What does the term 'spam' refer to in the context of email?

The term 'spam' in the context of email refers specifically to unsolicited and often irrelevant or inappropriate messages sent over the internet. These emails are typically sent in bulk to a large number of recipients, with the intention of promoting products or services, spreading malware, or engaging in phishing attacks. Spam emails usually do not provide any value to the recipient and can clutter inboxes, making it difficult for individuals to find legitimate, relevant correspondence.

The nature of spam is characterized by its unsolicited aspect, meaning that the recipients have not opted in to receive such communication. This differentiates it from messages that are sent to trusted subscribers who have expressed interest in receiving updates or information from a particular source. As a result, spam can be a significant issue for users and email service providers, leading to measures such as spam filters and policies to manage unwanted communications effectively.