What is a disadvantage of using observation as a method for gathering information?

Observation can yield valuable insights, but a significant disadvantage is that people may alter their behavior when they know they are being observed. This phenomenon, often referred to as the "Hawthorne effect," occurs when individuals modify their actions to conform to perceived expectations or to present themselves in a favorable light. As a result, the data gathered may not reflect genuine behaviors, leading to potentially skewed or unreliable conclusions.

While comprehensive data and thoroughness are strengths of observational methods, they can sometimes be accompanied by biases stemming from the observer's interpretation or the conditions of the observation itself. Additionally, the pace of data collection can vary, but the impact of altered behavior presents a fundamental challenge in ensuring the validity of the observed information.